Machine Learning-based Approaches for Advanced Monitoring of Smart Glasses

openWith today’s growing demand on productivity, product quality and effectiveness, the importance of Machine Learning-based functionalities and services has dramatically increased. Such paradigm shift can be mainly associated with the increasing availability of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and devices, the increase of data collected in the IoT scenario and the increasing popularity and availability of machine learning approaches. One of the most appealing applications of ML-based solutions is for sure Predictive Maintenance, which aims at improving maintenance management by exploiting the estimation of the health status of a piece of equipment. One of the main formalizations of the PdM problem is the prediction of the Remaining Useful Life (RUL), that is defined as the time/process iterations remaining for a device component to perform its task before it loses functionality. This work investigates a possible application of predictive maintenance techniques for the monitoring of the battery of Smart Glasses. The work starts with the description of the considered devices, the modalities of data collection and the Exploratory Data Analysis for better understanding the task. The first experimental part consists in the application of an unsupervised anomaly detection technique, useful to initially deal with the partial and unlabeled data. The last part of the work contains the results of the application of both classical machine learning and deep learning approaches for the estimation of the RUL of the devices battery. A section for the interpretation of the machine-learning models is included for both the anomaly detection and RUL estimation approaches

Emissions and energy consumption of a plug-in hybrid passenger car in Real Driving Emission (RDE) test

Abstract In the next years, the number of circulating plug-in hybrid electric vehicles was expected to increase worldwide. Hybrid electric/gasoline powertrain is considered a promising solution to meet the future goals of greenhouse gas emission reduction by road transport sector. This paper investigates the emissive and energetic behaviour of a plug-in hybrid electric passenger car over on road testing. Measurements of CO, CO2, NOx exhaust emissions and of main electric motor parameters were carried out by using portable emission measurement system over urban, rural and motorway routes in Naples (Italy). Routes were selected for complying with European Real Driving Emission (RDE) legislation. Moreover, an additional urban route, characterised by strong road grade and non-RDE compliant, was investigated. RDE test allowed to assess the influence of the battery state of charge, hybrid mode (charge sustaining and charge depleting), road grade and vehicle air conditioning on the exhaust emission and energy consumption. An overall advantage of charged battery and charge depleting mode was observed in terms of CO2 emissions and fuel consumption. CO and NOx emissions are strongly influenced by driving when the vehicle's internal combustion engine starts. When it occurs in motorway patterns, CO and NOx peak emissions are observed at tailpipe. Pure electric driving, with consequent zero emissions, are guaranteed over urban strong uphill when battery is full charged

Italian guidelines for the management of irritable bowel syndrome: Joint Consensus from the Italian Societies of: Gastroenterology and Endoscopy (SIGE), Neurogastroenterology and Motility (SINGEM), Hospital Gastroenterologists and Endoscopists (AIGO), Digestive Endoscopy (SIED), General Medicine (SIMG), Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Pediatric Nutrition (SIGENP) and Pediatrics (SIP)

The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder of gut-brain interaction. IBS is still associated with areas of uncertainties, especially regarding the optimal diagnostic work-up and the more appropriate management. Experts from 7 Italian Societies conducted a Delphi consensus with literature summary and voting process on 27 statements. Recommendations and quality of evidence were evaluated using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Consensus was defined as >80% agreement and reached for all statements.In terms of diagnosis, the consensus supports a positive diagnostic strategy with a symptom-based approach, including the psychological comorbidities assessment and the exclusion of alarm symptoms, together with the digital rectal examination, full blood count, C- reactive protein, serology for coeliac disease, and fecal calprotectin assessment. Colonoscopy should be recommended in patients with alarm features. Regarding treatment, the consensus strongly supports a dietary approach for patients with IBS, the use of soluble fiber, secretagogues, tricyclic antidepressants, psychologically directed therapies and, only in specific IBS subtypes, rifaximin. A conditional recommendation was achieved for probiotics, polyethylene glycol, antispasmodics, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and, only in specific IBS subtypes, 5-HT3 antagonists, 5-HT4 agonists, bile acid sequestrants

Stable or improved neurological manifestations during miglustat therapy in patients from the international disease registry for Niemann-Pick disease type C: an observational cohort study

Background: Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a rare neurovisceral disease characterised by progressive neurological degeneration, where the rate of neurological disease progression varies depending on age at neurological onset. We report longitudinal data on functional disease progression and safety observations in patients in the international NPC Registry who received continuous treatment with miglustat. Methods: The NPC Registry is a prospective observational cohort of NP-C patients. Enrolled patients who received ≥1 year of continuous miglustat therapy (for ≥90 % of the observation period, with no single treatment interruption >28 days) were included in this analysis. Disability was measured using a scale rating the four domains, ambulation, manipulation, language and swallowing from 0 (normal) to 1 (worst). Neurological disease progression was analysed in all patients based on: 1) annual progression rates between enrolment and last follow up, and; 2) categorical analysis with patients categorised as 'improved/stable' if ≥3/4 domain scores were lower/unchanged, and as 'progressed' if <3 scores were lower/unchanged between enrolment and last follow-up visit. Results: In total, 283 patients were enrolled from 28 centers in 13 European countries, Canada and Australia between September 2009 and October 2013; 92 patients received continuous miglustat therapy. The mean (SD) miglustat exposure during the observation period (enrolment to last follow-up) was 2.0 (0.7) years. Among 84 evaluable patients, 9 (11 %) had early-infantile (<2 years), 27 (32 %) had late-infantile (2 to <6 years), 30 (36 %) had juvenile (6 to <15 years) and 18 (21 %) had adolescent/adult (≥15 years) onset of neurological manifestations. The mean (95%CI) composite disability score among all patients was 0.37 (0.32,0.42) at enrolment and 0.44 (0.38,0.50) at last follow-up visit, and the mean annual progression rate was 0.038 (0.018,0.059). Progression of composite disability scores appeared highest among patients with neurological onset during infancy or childhood and lowest in those with adolescent/adult-onset. Overall, 59/86 evaluable patients (69 %) were categorized as improved/stable and the proportion of improved/stable patients increased with age at neurological onset. Safety findings were consistent with previous data. Conclusions: Disability status was improved/stable in the majority of patients who received continuous miglustat therapy for an average period of 2 years

VII Seminario della Scuola di Dottorato in Archeologia Sapienza, Università di Roma

I progetti di ricerca dei dottorandi in archeologia della Sapienza - Università di Roma affrontano un'ampia varietà di tematiche di studio e problemi archeologici attraverso approcci metodologici diversi. L'annuale seminario nasce, a partire dal 2015 e per la stessa volontà dei dottorandi, con l'intento di costruire un momento di ampio confronto con la comunità scientifica accademica ed extra-accademica. A tal fine, ai dottorandi relatori spetta il compito di selezionare, nell'ambito delle ricerche in corso, argomenti utili ad alimentare il dibattito in termini inter-curriculari e inter-disciplinari

VIII Seminario della Scuola di Dottorato in Archeologia Sapienza, Università di Roma

Convocazione dei relatori, scelta dei moderatori, creazione delle sessioni e del calendari

Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcome of Pre-engraftment Gram-Negative Bacteremia after Allogeneic and Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: An Italian Prospective Multicenter Survey

Abstract BACKGROUND: Gram-negative bacteremia (GNB) is a major cause of illness and death after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and updated epidemiological investigation is advisable. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated the epidemiology of pre-engraftment GNB in 1118 allogeneic HSCTs (allo-HSCTs) and 1625 autologous HSCTs (auto-HSCTs) among 54 transplant centers during 2014 (SIGNB-GITMO-AMCLI study). Using logistic regression methods. we identified risk factors for GNB and evaluated the impact of GNB on the 4-month overall-survival after transplant. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of pre-engraftment GNB was 17.3% in allo-HSCT and 9% in auto-HSCT. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common isolates. By multivariate analysis, variables associated with GNB were a diagnosis of acute leukemia, a transplant from a HLA-mismatched donor and from cord blood, older age, and duration of severe neutropenia in allo-HSCT, and a diagnosis of lymphoma, older age, and no antibacterial prophylaxis in auto-HSCT. A pretransplant infection by a resistant pathogen was significantly associated with an increased risk of posttransplant infection by the same microorganism in allo-HSCT. Colonization by resistant gram-negative bacteria was significantly associated with an increased rate of infection by the same pathogen in both transplant procedures. GNB was independently associated with increased mortality at 4 months both in allo-HSCT (hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.45-3.13; P <.001) and auto-HSCT (2.43; 1.22-4.84; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: Pre-engraftment GNB is an independent factor associated with increased mortality rate at 4 months after auto-HSCT and allo-HSCT. Previous infectious history and colonization monitoring represent major indicators of GNB. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT02088840